Glycols depress waters freezing point providing protection to temperatures as. Engineering and operating guide for dowtherm sr1 and. Chiller system optimization cooling best practices. Bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine, polyethylene glycol 400, and polyethylene glycol against selected microorganisms march 2015 doi. Figure 5 vapor pressures of aqueous triethylene glycol solutions at. Typical properties, not to be construed as specifications. It is a colorless, practically odorless, poisonous, and hygroscopic liquid with a sweetish taste. Pdf ethylene glycol eg is an important organic compound and chemical.
Where to use dowfrost propylene glycol based fluids solutions of dowfrost propylene glycol based fluids are widely used for secondary cooling and heating applications, for freeze and burst protection of pipes, and for various deicing, defrosting, and dehumidifying applications. Physical properties the glycol ethers are colorless liquids with a slight odor. Caprylyl glycol is most often produced using catalytic oxidation of the 1octene oxide or reduction of 2hydroxyoctanoic acid see author correction. The name glycerol is derived from the greek word for sweet, glykys, and the terms glycerin, glycerine, and. Properties the physical properties of mpdiol glycol are shown below. The means by which propylene glycol vapor produces its effect on dropletborne bacteria is discussed and data relating the bactericidal properties of propylene glycol in vitro to the lethal action of its vapor is presented.
Ethylene glycol, also called ethane1,2diol, the simplest member of the glycol family of organic compounds. Ethylene glycol heat transfer fluid ethylene density and specific weight ethylene glycol and its mixtures with water electrolytes plot the density on vertical axis and mass share this. Ethylene glycol heattransfer fluid engineering toolbox. Dowanol dpm glycol ether dipropylene glycol methyl ether ch.
Conde engineering 2011 properties of working fluids brines 9 9 fig. This page provides a brief introduction to the use and types of peg reagents available to protein biology researchers. Polyethylene glycol peg and pegylation of proteins. The propylene glycol family of chemical compounds consists of monopropylene glycol pg, dipropylene glycol dpg. They offer high solvency with low toxicity and encompass a range of alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, glycols, glycol ethers and ketones.
The most intense peak observed in the mass spectra of di and triethylene glycol is at mz 45. Ethylene glycol meglobal between the dow chemical company and petrochemical. The oecd sids initial assessment report for 1,2dihydroxypropane propylene glycol concluded that, based on the known properties. Diethylene glycol deg is an organic compound with the formula hoch 2 ch 2 2 o.
Information regarding the physical and chemical properties of ethylene glycol is located in table 42. Atmospheres containing propylene glycol vapor are invisible, odorless, and nonirritating. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the dept. Although there is no sugar present in dowfrost heat transfer fluids, the glycol affects the refractive index of. Epa has not classified the glycol ethers for carcinogenicity. Inhibited ethylene glycolbased heat transfer fluids. Waterhasalrighervapor pressurethan oil, so itismoreprone to cavitation. Ethylene glycol material safety data sheet cas no 107. Ethylene glycol is widely used to inhibit the formation of natural gas.
Ethylene glycol is also commonly used in heating applications that temporarily may not be operated cold in surroundings with freezing conditions such as cars and machines with water cooled engines. Physical properties units propylene glycol dipropylene glycol tripropylene glycol chemical name 1,2propanediol oxybispropanol 1methyl1,2ethanediylbisoxy bispropanol formula c3h8o2 c6h14o3 c9h20o4 cas number1 57556 25265718 24800440 einecs number 2003380 2467703 2464660 molecular weight 76. Solvents are chemical compounds used to dissolve, suspend or extract other materials. Uses advised against not for food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use details of the supplier of the safety data sheet. Safety data sheet creation date 02feb2010 revision date 17jan2018 revision number 4 1. Thermophysical properties of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol. Physical properties the chemical formula for ethylene glycol is c 2 h 6 o 2, and its molecular weight is 62. Propylene glycol was administered to two groups of female rats at 73 mg or 294 mg propylene glycol 100 gram body weight and various hematological effects were examined. Degree brix is a measure of the sugar concentration in a fluid and is important in fermentation and syrups applications. This is a brief description of the properties of the ethylene glycol for industrial porpouses. It is miscible in water, alcohol, ether, acetone, and ethylene glycol. It is produced by the esterification of crystalline d. A glycol is an alcohol with two hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms a 1,2diol. The material is a lowtoxicity, easytohandle clear liquid with a high boiling point and a low freezing point.
The preservative efficacy of the parabens may also be impaired due to binding with polyethylene glycols. A guide to glycols 8 properties units propylene glycol dipropylene glycol tripropylene glycol density gcm3, 77f25c 1. Wateristheonecomponentin awater glycol fluid thatwiii strongly effectdesign. The anitbacterial activity of certain antibiotics, particularly penicillin and bacitracin, is reduced in polyethylene glycol bases.
Tetraethylene glycol has properties similar to diethylene and triethylene glycols and may be used preferentially in applications requiring a higher boiling point, higher molecular weight, or lower hygroscopicity. Because of its high boiling point and affinity for water, ethylene glycol is a useful desiccant. These experts collectively have knowledge of propylene glycol s physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, key health end points, mechanisms of action, human and animal exposure, and. Glycol dehydration process an overview sciencedirect. Propylene glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water.
Propylene glycol is not likely to accumulate in the food chain bioconcentration potential is low and is practically nontoxic to fish and other aquatic organisms on an acute basis. The polyethylene glycol samples had average molecular masses of 8000,3350, and. The common name ethylene glycol literally means the glycol derived from ethylene. Polyethylene glycol properties and the applications in. Physical properties the chemical formula for ethylene glycol is c 2 h. Indeed, owing to its unique properties and versatile commercial applications, a variety of chemical systems e. Liquid and solid polyethylene glycol grades may be incompatible with some colors. Although there is no sugar present in dowtherm heat transfer fluids, the glycol affects the refractive index of the fluid. Pdf bactericidal activity of propylene glycol, glycerine. Monoethylene glycol meg monoethylene glycol meg monoethylene glycol meg in its pure form, it is an odorless, colorless, syrupy liquid with a sweet taste. Product information delta d delta p delta h dowanol pm glycol ether propylene glycol methyl ether ch 3och 2chohch 3 90. The values of the density from 277 to 298 k show a linear variation with the polyethylene glycol.
Table 4 lists various physical and chemical properties and constants for the propylene glycols. Brake fluid, cutting oils, textile lubricants, printing inks, coatings pdf. Information regarding the chemical identity of ethylene glycol is located in table 41. The most common antifreeze fluid ethylene glycol must not be used where there is a chance of leakage to potable water or food processing systems. Physical properties of liquids and gases tables of physical properties of liquids and gases c1 density of liquids c2 viscosity of gas c3 viscosity of liquids c4 heat capacity of gas c5 heat capacity of liquid. Ethylene glycol eg is an important organic compound and chemical intermediate used in a large number of industrial processes e. Higher vapor pressure requires thatthepump inletbe free of reshictions. The water glycol compo sition will have major effects on a systems design criteria.
Ethylene glycol is used to make antifreeze and deicing solutions for cars, airplanes, and boats. It can be mixed with eg and purified terephthalic acid pta or dimethyl. For many heattransfer applications it is necessary to use a heattransfer fluid with lower freezing point than water. Inhibitor analysis is usually offered as a free service by glycol. The glycol dehydration process is an example of a process that provides absorption dehydration, and in the process, a liquid desiccant provides the means to absorb water from the gas stream. It is also used in hydraulic brake fluids and inks used in stamp pads, ballpoint pens, and print shops. In food processing systems the common heattransfer fluid is based on propylene glycol. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, and core. Ethylene glycol is used in the natural gas industry to remove water vapor from natural gas before further processing, in much the same manner as triethylene glycol teg hydrate inhibition. The peak at mz 31 represents an ion formed by a hydrideshift rearrangement. Ethylene glycol hoch 2 ch 2 oh was, initially, the principal chemical agent in this process, has a very strong affinity for water and when the glycol is in contact with a stream of waterwet natural gas.
This information includes synonyms, chemical formula and structure, and identification numbers. Safety data sheet mono ethylene glycol 1 identification of the substancepreparation and companyundertaking application automotive industry. Aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol density and. The specific heat varies with both concentration and temperature. The ion represented by the peak at mz 45 is formed via heterolytic cleavage of molecular ions with the charge and radical sites on an etheroxygen atom. Central drug house p ltd 728 vardaan house new delhi2. Ethylene glycol based water solutions are common in heattransfer applications where the temperature in the heat transfer fluid can be below 32 o f 0 o c. Engineering and operating guide for dowfrost and dowfrost. Ethylene glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water. Nexantchemsystems, coal to meg, changing the rules of the game pdf. Antifreeze glycol % visual appearance probable cause color should be clear and bright should match the color of original coolant used oil in coolant free from oil or petroleum products can cause seal and hose failures nonmagneticmagnetic precipitate free. Volumetric properties of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycols in. Determination of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol in.
Pdf engineering and operating guide for dowfrost and. Identification product name ethylene glycol cat no. The densities and viscosities of concentrated aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol 1050 mass % have been measured. Oxygenated solvents are organic solvents containing oxygen molecules, created through chemical reactions from olefins.
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